A fire door is a specially crafted door assembly designed to resist fire and smoke for a specified period (30, 60, 90, or 120 minutes). It helps contain fire within a compartment and protects evacuation routes.

Fire doors slow down the spread of fire and smoke. In most fire incidents, smoke inhalation causes more fatalities than flames. Proper compartmentalisation using fire-rated doors increases evacuation time and reduces structural damage.

Yes, fire doors are required in many types of buildings under the National Building Code (NBC) of India, State Fire Department regulations, and Local municipal building approvals. They are typically mandatory in staircases, corridors, shafts, basements, hospitals, high-rises, and commercial buildings.

Common fire ratings include 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes. The required rating depends on building type and fire safety design as per NBC and project specifications.

A normal door is not tested for fire resistance. A fire-rated door is a tested assembly that includes a fire-resistant core, tested frame, intumescent seals, and fire-rated hardware. All components must work together as a certified system.

An intumescent seal expands when exposed to heat. It seals gaps around the door edges, preventing smoke and flames from passing through during a fire. Without proper seals, the fire rating can fail.

Yes — if incorrect hardware is used, installation is improper, gaps are not maintained as per testing standards, or site modifications are done. A fire door is only as reliable as its installation and assembly.

Yes. Fire-rated doors are widely used in India, especially in commercial and residential buildings. They are crafted with fire-resistant cores and tested assemblies to meet required ratings.

You should check for a valid fire test certificate, rating mentioned clearly, tested assembly details, certification from accredited labs, and compliance with relevant IS standards. Documentation should match the installed door configuration.

Fire doors are typically installed at staircase entrances, evacuation corridors, electrical and service shafts, basement access, lift lobbies, and high-risk rooms. The exact locations depend on fire safety design and NBC requirements.